♛ England & Wales — Phase 1
Know your rights under PACE · Protect your freedom · We've got your back
Know your rights under PACE · Protect your freedom · We've got your back
Know Your Rights
PACE · HRA · RTA
Protect Your Freedom
England & Wales
We've Got Your Back
Solicitor Network
Confidential & Secure
UK GDPR Compliant
⚠ All rights content is educational only and pending review by an SRA-regulated solicitor. This is not legal advice. For advice specific to your situation, consult a qualified solicitor. Scotland and Northern Ireland are separate legal systems not covered here.
Eight rights cards covering the Police and Criminal Evidence Act, Human Rights Act, and Road Traffic Act.
Road Traffic Act 1988 s.163
A uniformed officer can stop any vehicle — no reason required. But this is different from a search.
PACE s.1 + Code A — GOWISELY
Requires reasonable grounds. Officer must provide all GOWISELY information before any search.
CJPOA 1994 — No Grounds Needed
The most controversial stop/search power. No individual grounds required — but GOWISELY still applies.
PACE s.24 + Code G
Two-part test: reasonable grounds AND necessity. You must be told the reason immediately.
PACE Code C — Not Miranda
The PACE caution is NOT the same as Miranda. Silence is a right — but it can count against you.
PACE s.41–42 + Code C
24-hour basic limit. Right to rest, food, and legal advice. Reviews required every 6–9 hours.
PACE s.58 — Free Legal Advice
Free duty solicitor at any time in custody. This can only be delayed — never denied.
Legal in Public
No permit needed. Officers cannot stop you filming in public or delete your footage.
⚠ PENDING_COUNSEL_REVIEW — Educational content only. Not legal advice. Consult an SRA-regulated solicitor for advice specific to your situation.
Before any stop and search, an officer MUST provide all 8 of these. Tap each one as the officer provides it. If any are missing, the search may be unlawful.
Grounds
Specific facts justifying suspicion — not a hunch
Object
What they are looking for
Warrant Card
Must produce ID if not in uniform
Identity
Officer's name or shoulder number
Station
Their police station
Entitlement
You are entitled to a copy of the search record
Legal Power
The specific law being used (e.g. PACE s.1)
You Are Detained
Explicit confirmation you are being detained for the search
Tap each element as the officer provides it
🏴 Wales shares the England & Wales legal framework (PACE, HRA, RTA). Welsh-language services are available — solicitors who speak Welsh are indicated in our network. The Home Office publishes Code A in Welsh.
⚠ The adverse inference warning is critical
The middle clause of the caution means UK courts CAN draw negative conclusions from your silence in some circumstances. This is categorically different from the US Fifth Amendment right to silence. Always speak to a solicitor before deciding whether to answer questions.
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